Fatigue is a persistent and serious challenge in military aviation, compromising safety and performance during long and demanding flight missions. To combat this, air forces worldwide have turned to pharmacological aids, with modafinil emerging as a favored option. Originally developed for sleep disorders, modafinil is now widely used to enhance alertness and cognitive function among…

Modafinil is a medication used to promote wakefulness, mainly for conditions like narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and shift work disorder. It is also popular off-label as a cognitive enhancer. A recent study by Delli Pizzi et al. (2025) reveals how modafinil changes brain connectivity in ways that boost attention and alertness. These findings explain part of…

Modafinil is a wakefulness-promoting agent best known for treating sleep-related disorders such as narcolepsy and shift work disorder. However, it has also gained popularity as a so-called “smart drug” or nootropic. One of the most debated claims is whether modafinil can actually enhance memory—particularly in healthy individuals or those with cognitive deficits. Key Takeaways What…

Modafinil is a prescription medication approved for treating sleep disorders like narcolepsy and shift work disorder. But in recent years, it has become a popular off-label “smart drug” among students, tech workers, and biohackers. The big question: What happens when a healthy, “normal” person takes Modafinil? To find out, we analyzed Reddit testimonials from users…

Modafinil, a wakefulness-promoting agent originally developed for sleep disorders, has gained popularity as a cognitive enhancer. But does it truly improve focus in healthy individuals? Here’s what the science says. Key Takeaways What Is Modafinil? Modafinil is a prescription medication approved by the U.S. FDA to treat narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, and shift work disorder…

Modafinil, a wakefulness-promoting agent originally developed to treat sleep disorders, has gained attention for its potential cognitive-enhancing properties. A growing number of individuals—including students, professionals, and those with cognitive impairments—are using modafinil off-label in hopes of improving learning, memory, and focus. But does the evidence support these uses? Key Takeaways What Is Modafinil? Modafinil is…

Armodafinil, a wakefulness-promoting agent, is widely prescribed for narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and shift work sleep disorder (SWSD). Among its generic brands, Artvigil (HAB Pharmaceuticals) and Waklert (Sun Pharma) are two of the most popular options. While no head-to-head clinical trials compare Artvigil and Waklert, we can analyze their pharmacokinetics, effectiveness, and side effects…

During his lifetime, Stephen Hawking captivated the world with his groundbreaking work in physics, his resilience in the face of a debilitating illness, and his ability to communicate complex ideas with clarity. However, even a figure as respected as Hawking was not immune to exploitation. While he was alive, false claims began circulating online, alleging…